The Rise of Male Dominance

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The Rise of Male Dominance

Is there a genetic origin to male dominance?

1. Men and women have equal rights as citizens of the State and adopted children of God. But this equality of rights should not be confused with an identity of functions. In fact, both biologically and psychologically men and women are different. There are inborn traits which would seem to dispose them to different tasks in society. Although these differences should not be exaggerated, they are a real part of a person
 
Female Dominance in Primates

The basic prediction from sexual selection theory is male dominance. Males usually win conflicts and have priority of access to food, etc. Why? This goes back to sexual selection;
Because of sexual selection, you get sexual dimorphism; males are bigger and have more weaponry. When they come into conflict with females, it's usually the male who wins. In this sense, male dominance is kind of a byproduct of competition between males. Sexual selection shapes males physically but also mentally- they tend to be more aggressive and more competitive. There are cases where male
and females are equal but there are very few instances where females are dominant.

Examples of species with male dominance: brown capuchins, baboons, langurs, orangutans, chimps.
http:
//images.google.com/images?q=tbn:uw8qS1QJTFEJ:www.zooschool.ec
sd.net/Zoo%2520Photos/langurs.jpg
langurs

All early studies in primatology focused on male dominance. One reason is that it's more visible and exciting. Also, they were all men and probably had a cultural bias that made it easier for them to see the male dominance. After a while, though, they began to see that females formed social bonds and could gang up on males. Through the 80's all serious work on female dominance was done by women primatologists.

"To a greater or lesser extent, females in these species take priority at feeding sites and control social access to other group members. An offending male who comes too close to a female or her infant is cuffed in the face or
chased away, and in some cases males are relegated tot eh outskirts of the troops. These species stand in contrast to television narratives about 'central male hierarchies' and 'dominant ma
le leaders' - Sarah Hrdy 1981, pg 59, describing female dominance

Most female dominance species are in the prosimians, esp
ecially the prosimians of Madagascar. Ring-tailed lemur, sifakas (propithecus), and the indriis who are monogamous.
images

Ring-tailed lemur

There are also a few cases outside of Madagascar; squirrel monkey (evidence not quite so clear cut), and the talapon which is a small cercopithecus. In apes, some newer research on bonobos shows that by forming alliances with each other, the females are able to socially dominate the males.
http://images.google.com/images?q=tbn:8OkG-8AoJaEJ:[url]www.monkeys-monkeys.c[/url]
om/squirrel.jpg
squirrel monkey

Female dominance in prosimians
Who? Mostly prosimian primates: mouse lemur (microcebus); dwarf lemur (
cheirogaleidaes); mongoose lemur (lemuridae).
For a while it looked like the whole lemuridae family was female dominant, but it turned out that that's not the case- a 1990 comparative study of ring-tailed lemurs, crowned l
emurs, and brown lemurs found that females were dominant in the ring tailed and the crowned lemur, but not in the brown lemur. Therefore, we can't just write it off as a characteristic of lemurs.
 
A - I N F O S N E W S S E R V I C E
http://www.ainfos.ca/
________________________________________________

Deal With It is a journal currently put out

by anti-sexist anarchist

men

in support of the struggle to end sexist oppression,

deconstruct gender,

overthrow patriarchy, and acheive total liberation.

FROM THIS ISSUE: (Number One)

Deep Inside the Mind of a Manarchist: Part one

Deep Inside the Mind Of a Manarchist part one

By Kooky, an ex-Eugene manarchist

> http://www.fruitiondesign.com/dealwithit/article2.php3

Sexism has proven itself to be quite a controversial and divisive issue

within the anarchist community.

W
immin in increasing numbers over the years,
have risen up,

in defiance of the male "leadership" that dominates anarchist

circl
es, to demand, among other things,

the inclusion of the struggle

against sexist oppression into the anarchist agenda.

In theory, anarchy opposes all
forms of oppression,

so it seems ironic to me that wimmin should have to

spend so much of their time attempting

to convince anarchist men of what
should seem obvious.

For wimmin, sexist oppression is the reality

that they must deal with on a
daily basis;

being objectified, ridiculed,

and silenced by men in their

lives and reduced to second class status

by a male hierarchy that views wim
min as

objects to be possessed,

and raped and murdered by men.

For men, the luxury

to ignore these atrocities

and avoid active participation in anti-sexist

struggle is a
reflection of our own privilege.

It is nearly impossible for

men to avoid the sexist indoctrination

of male supremacist culture and

sexism does not just disappear from men

because they call themselves "anarchist
s"

and proclaim themselves "liberated".

What is more likely to actualize the

demise of sexist oppression,

would be for significant numbers of men to

break ranks with the dominant supremacist culture,

identify and work to transcend

their own sexist behaviors and attitudes,

support wimmin in their daily

lives and speak out against sexism to other men.

In mainstream society, very few

men are willing to break the silence

that maintains
the culture of violence

that manhood has imposed on upon wimmin.

Patriarchal culture has trained men

to either "mind their own business"

and ignore the epidemic of violence th
at

men unleash on wimmin

or to accept it as commonplace and blame wimmin for

what men do to them.

The silence of men,

along with the silencing of wimmin,

by men,

has allowed for us to remain in denial,

sweeping the problems under

the rug, pretending they do not exist.

Many men assume that because the
y do not actively participate

directly in physical violence against wimmin,

that they should be resolved from
complicity.

Yet, rape,

murder,

and battering of wimmin

only represent one

end of the continuum of sexist oppression

that includes on the other end, the

degrading sexist slurs,

controlling and abusive behaviors,

condescendin
g
attitudes,

and male silence that maintain an environment

that encourages men
to physically violate wimmin.

I am reminded of an incident last year,
in Central Park, New York Cit
y.

Amongst a public gathering of thousands of people,

a smaller group of men,

many of whom did not even know each other,

took opportunity of the crowd and
began groping,

molesting, and basically raping random wimmin.

Not only did
other men not interfere,

but rather,

many men, when they realized that it
was possible,

and that they could get away with it,

joined in on the frenzy
themselves.
n
Similar incidents have occurred at "Woodstock '99",

and a recent
LA Lakers game that resulted in a riot afterwards.

That abusive men can

safely assume to face no significant obstruction

from other men that would

prevent them from assaulting

and
raping wimmin in public, in broad daylight,

is a clear testament that male silence

acts as a green light for men to
violate wimmin.

Anarchist men, who posit themselves as enemies of opp
ression,

have even more
of a responsibility to pick up the slack left by the broader,
mainstream
male culture.

Unfortunately, many male anarchists,

much like their counterparts
in mainstream society,

are rather selective in choosing their battles;

Mostly
preferring to focus their energy fighting their own exploitation

and
avoiding participation in liberation struggles

that would require them to transform
their own behaviors and attitudes.

Many anarchist men tend to view "sexism"
as an issu
e that is secondary to class struggle

(their own struggle) and

insist that focusing their energy to fight sexism

would distract them from
"the Revolution",

which is
often defined as a glorified class struggle
against "the State" and "Capitalism".

That many anarchist men tend to
identify "the State" and "Capitalism"

as the oppressors, suggests a
preoccupation with their own class exploitation.

For many male anarchists,
many of whom are also white, young, able-bodied,

and heterosexual, class
exploitation is the only area in which they experience

any form of
institutionalized domination.

Based solely on their own class exploitation,

anarchist men often mistakenly conclude that the cops,
CEOs, landlords,

bosses, and politicians

that exercise authority over them to be the sole

possessors of authoritarian power.

By assuming that capitalist parasites and

officially sanctioned agents of state repression

hold some sort of monopoly

on oppression, anarchists ignorantly disregard

an entire spectrum
of
oppressors to be targeted by anarchist revolt.

This limited, white male definition

of what constitutes an "oppressor" does

not typically include the broader spectrum of
sexist,

racist, and homophobic

predators that are abundantly scattered throughout all classes

of our
culture,

even within our own movement.

What about the rapists and child

molesters that have infiltrated our communities,

conveniently disguised as

fathers,
brothers,
husbands,
uncles,
and boyfriends,

or the misogynistic bible thumpers

who lay claim to the minds and "souls" of our society's men,

churning them into homophobes,

bashing and murdering queers in dark alleys

behind bars and bombing abortion clinics?

What of the organized racist
groups:
The Klansmen and neo-nazis that litter the landscapes with their

vile presence and ideologies?


Statistically speaking, the maj
ority of these

predators tend to be heterosexual white men,

the same demographic group that

controls both "the State" and "Capitalism
"

and ironically, the leadership
positions of Anarchist movement.

Should we not be concerned with these predators
because they don't have
badges indicating positions of state power,
or because they are not wealthy
property owners,

simply because they do not exercise authority over us
straight white guys?

It seems to me to be completely ignorant to assume
that "smashing the State"
and "abolishing Capitalism"
as sole strategies of anarchist revolution would
somehow rid the world of these predators.

In fact, to be honest, I shudder
to think of the horrors that would be unleashed
upon the actualization of a
chaotic war-like scenario,
within the contexts of an already violent,
rac
ist, sexist, and homophobic society.

The conditions imposed during wartime are
doorways for organized anti-gay, racist militias

n as well as those who prey
on wimmin,
children,

the elderly,
and disabled people.

For a bunch of
privileged white guys,
far removed from the realities of systematic violence,

with no
intimate understanding of oppression,

to assume the authority to impose more
violence into communities of people,

for whom violence is already a daily
reality is arrogant,
and authoritarian.

I will state, for the record, that I am not proposing "pacifism",
for I am not a pacifist,
and would never begrudge anyone their right to utilize
whatever means necessary
to defend themselves or in defense of others.

I will not, however, succumb to the glorification of violence
or romanticization of war, and a disorganized,
vanguardist movement of undisciplined white kids,
w
ith no significant public support hardly seem capable of toppling
the State anyways.

What I am proposing, however, is that we, as privileged men,
recognize that we are coming from positio
ns of r
elative comfort,
which has been obtained
from the systematic oppression

of wimmin and children,
communities of color,
the queer community,
and other marginalized members of society.

We must learn to abdicate our positions of power
that we have not earned,
and begin to
support other communities and individuals,
based on their own needs,

which they will define for themselves.

Our struggle against "the State" and
"Capitalism" simply does not represent the entirety
of the anarchist struggle against an entire culture of domination.

By dismissing feminist,
anti-racist, and queer liberation struggles as "single issue"
or "reformist", white, heterosexual, anarchist men reduce
a
narchist struggle into their own
struggle against their own exploiters,
which is in itself "reformist" and "single issue"
as well as elitist, authoritarian,
and ev
erything else that Anarchy
opposes.

*****************************************

There is no such thing as a neu
tral educational process.

Education either functions as an instrument that is used
to facilitate the integration of the
younger generation into the logic of the present system
and bring about
conformity to it,

or it becomes "the practice of freedom,"
the means by
which men and women [sic]
deal critically and creatively with reality and discover
how to participate in the transformation of their world.

--Richard Shaull
 
Exception to the rule: The most dominant animal in Africa, at least for its size, is the hyena. The male is completely submissive. The most intelligent is the chimp, and a certain species the females are completely dominant. The creatures with the most intricate social structure; bees, ants, and, termites--the poor drone bee gets the bums rush. The most horrifying critters, spiders and snakes--females are much larger, the female spider sometimes eats the male.

Of course if your are referring to the Negro, well, notice that the men run around in Africa, with AK-47s while the women grow the casava and tend to the nigglets.

All I can say is, keep your stick on the ice, and don't kil
the goose that lays the golden egg.
 
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